汉英对照:
Chinese-English Translation:
新型冠状病毒肺炎（Corona Virus Disease 2019，COVID-19），简称“新冠肺炎”，世界卫生组织命名为“2019冠状病毒病”，是指2019新型冠状病毒感染导致的肺炎。
Novel coronavirus pneumonia novel coronavirus pneumonia novel coronavirus pneumonia (Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19) is called “new crown pneumonia”. WHO named “2019 coronavirus” refers to pneumonia caused by 2019 new coronavirus infection.
新型冠状病毒肺炎（Corona Virus Disease 2019，COVID-19），简称“新冠肺炎”，世界卫生组织命名为“2019 冠状病毒病”，是指 2019 新型冠状病毒感染导致的肺炎。2019 年 12 月以来，湖北省武汉市部分医院陆续发现了多例有华南海鲜市场暴露史的不明原因肺炎病例，现已证实为 2019 新型冠状病毒感染引起的急性呼吸道传染病。
Novel coronavirus pneumonia novel coronavirus pneumonia novel coronavirus pneumonia (Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19) is called “new crown pneumonia”. WHO named “2019 coronavirus” refers to pneumonia caused by 2019 new coronavirus infection. Since December 2019, novel coronavirus infection cases of acute respiratory tract infection have been confirmed by a number of cases of unknown pneumonia in Wuhan, Hubei, which have been found in many cases with exposure history of Southern China seafood market.
2020 年 2 月 11 日，世界卫生组织总干事谭德塞在瑞士日内瓦宣布，将新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎命名为“COVID-19”。2020 年 2 月 21 日，国家卫生健康委发布了关于修订新型冠状病毒肺炎英文命名事宜的通知，决定将“新型冠状病毒肺炎”英文名称修订为“COVID-19”，与世界卫生组织命名保持一致，中文名称保持不变。2020 年 3 月 4 日，国家卫健委发布了《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案（试行第七版）》。
The novel coronavirus pneumonia was named “COVID-19” by WHO director general in February 11, 2020 in Geneva, Switzerland. English Chinese novel coronavirus novel coronavirus was revised in February 21, 2020, and the English name of “new coronavirus pneumonia” was revised to “COVID-19”, which is consistent with the naming of WHO and the Chinese name remains unchanged. The novel coronavirus pneumonia diagnosis and treatment plan (trial version 7) was released by the national health and Health Committee in March 4, 2020.
当地时间 2020 年 3 月 11 日，世界卫生组织总干事谭德塞宣布，根据评估，世卫组织认为当前新冠肺炎疫情可被称为全球大流行（pandemic）。
Novel coronavirus pneumonia, a WHO director general, announced that according to the assessment, the World Health Organization believes that the current outbreak of the new crown pneumonia can be called the global pandemic (pandemic) in March 11, 2020.
为表达全国各族人民对抗击新冠肺炎疫情斗争牺牲烈士和逝世同胞的深切哀悼，国务院决定，2020 年 4 月 4 日举行全国性哀悼活动。在此期间，全国和驻外使领馆下半旗志哀，全国停止公共娱乐活动。4 月 4 日 10 时起，全国人民默哀 3 分钟，汽车、火车、舰船鸣笛，防空警报鸣响。
Novel coronavirus pneumonia and mourning for the dead were the deepest concern of the people of all ethnic groups in the fight against the new crown pneumonia. The State Council decided to hold a national mourning in April 4, 2020. During this period, the whole country and the embassies and consulates stationed abroad set flags at half mast to mourn and stop public entertainment activities nationwide. Since 10 o’clock on April 4, the people of the whole country have observed a three minute silence, with cars, trains, ships and air defense alarms sounding.
病毒特征
Virus characteristics
新型冠状病毒肺炎，正处在早期快速变化阶段。
Novel coronavirus pneumonia is in the early stage of rapid change.
中国已公布导致新型冠状病毒肺炎的新型冠状病毒的全基因组序列，这将有助于全球科学家和公共卫生组织加入诊断试剂的研发，及病毒致病性研究。
Novel coronavirus novel coronavirus pneumonia has been published in China, and will help the global scientists and public health organizations to develop diagnostic reagents and viral pathogenicity.
国家卫健委已发布 1 号公告，将新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎纳入传染病防治法规定的乙类传染病，但采取甲类传染病的预防、控制措施，同时将其纳入检疫传染病管理。
The novel coronavirus infection has been released into the infectious diseases by class 1, which has been issued by the state health and Health Commission. However, the prevention and control measures for class A infectious diseases are also taken into account in the management of quarantine infectious diseases.
疫情等级
Epidemic level
2020 年 2 月 28 日，世卫组织新冠肺炎情况每日报告，地区及全球风险级别均提升为最高级别“非常高”，与中国一致，此前地区及全球风险级别为“高”。
Novel coronavirus pneumonia daily report February 28, 2020, regional and global risk levels rose to the highest level “very high”, consistent with China, after the regional and global risk level is “high”.
当地时间 2020 年 3 月 11 日，世界卫生组织总干事谭德塞宣布，根据评估，世卫组织认为当前新冠肺炎疫情可被称为全球大流行（pandemic）。
Novel coronavirus pneumonia, a WHO director general, announced that according to the assessment, the World Health Organization believes that the current outbreak of the new crown pneumonia can be called the global pandemic (pandemic) in March 11, 2020.
传播途径
Transmission channels
据央视新闻消息，上海疫情防控工作发布会介绍：卫生防疫专家强调，可以确定的新冠肺炎传播途径主要为直接传播、气溶胶传播和接触传播。直接传播是指患者喷嚏、咳嗽、说话的飞沫，呼出的气体近距离直接吸入导致的感染；气溶胶传播是指飞沫混合在空气中，形成气溶胶，吸入后导致感染；接触传播是指飞沫沉积在物品表面，接触污染手后，再接触口腔、鼻腔、眼睛等粘膜，导致感染。
The novel coronavirus pneumonia can be identified as direct transmission, aerosol transmission and contact transmission, according to CCTV news, Shanghai’s epidemic prevention and control conference. Direct transmission refers to the infection caused by the sneezing, coughing and speaking droplets of patients, and the exhaled gas is inhaled directly in a short distance; aerosol transmission refers to the mixture of droplets in the air, forming an aerosol, which causes infection after inhalation; contact transmission refers to the deposition of droplets on the surface of objects, after touching the contaminated hands, and then touching the mucous membranes of mouth, nose, eyes, etc., leading to infection.
临床表现
clinical manifestation
新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎患者的临床表现为：以发热、乏力、干咳为主要表现，鼻塞、流涕等上呼吸道症状少见，会出现缺氧低氧状态 [16] 。约半数患者多在一周后出现呼吸困难，严重者快速进展为急性呼吸窘迫综合征、脓毒症休克、难以纠正的代谢性酸中毒和出凝血功能障碍。值得注意的是，重症、危重症患者病程中可为中低热，甚至无明显发热。部分患者起病症状轻微，可无发热，多在 1 周后恢复。多数患者预后良好，少数患者病情危重，甚至死亡。
The clinical manifestations of novel coronavirus infected pneumonia patients are fever, fatigue and dry cough. Nasal obstruction and runny nose are rare symptoms of [16]. About half of the patients developed dyspnea one week later, and the severe cases developed rapidly into acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis and coagulation dysfunction. It should be noted that the course of severe and critical patients can be moderate to low fever, or even no obvious fever. Some patients have mild onset symptoms, no fever, mostly recovered after 1 week. Most patients have a good prognosis, a few patients are in critical condition, even died.
