汉英对照:
Chinese-English Translation:
手机号码定位是指通过特定的定位技术来获移动手机或终端用户的位置信息，手机号码定位是基于电信运营商基站定位技术，针对需定位人员，仅通过手机号码即可进行高效快速的定位，能够有效满足公安、政企等管理部门及家庭个人在定位方面的特殊需求。
Mobile phone number positioning refers to obtaining the location information of mobile phones or end users through specific positioning technology. Mobile phone number positioning is based on the base station positioning technology of telecom operators. For the personnel who need to be located, only through mobile phone number can carry out efficient and fast positioning, which can effectively meet the special needs of public security, government and enterprises and individual families in positioning.
手机号码定位是指通过特定的定位技术来获移动手机或终端用户的位置信息（经纬度坐标），在电子地图上标出被定取位对象的位置的技术或服务。
Mobile phone number location refers to the technology or service that obtains the location information (longitude and latitude coordinates) of mobile phones or end users through specific location technology, and marks the location of the targeted object on the electronic map.
手机号码定位是基于电信运营商基站定位技术，针对需定位人员，仅通过手机号码即可进行高效快速的定位，能够有效满足公安、政企等管理部门及家庭个人在定位方面的特殊需求。
Mobile phone number positioning is based on the base station positioning technology of telecom operators. For the personnel who need to be located, the mobile phone number can be used for efficient and fast positioning, which can effectively meet the special needs of public security, government enterprises and other management departments and family individuals in positioning.
定位技术
Positioning technology
一种是基于 GPS 的定位（市场销售的 GPS 系统），一种是基于移动运营网的基站的定位（如手机定位神探之类软件）。
One is based on GPS positioning (GPS system sold in the market), the other is based on the positioning of base station of mobile operation network (such as mobile positioning detective software).
基于 GPS 的定位
GPS based positioning
利用手机上的 GPS 定位模块将自己的位置信号发送到定位后台来实现手机定位的。定位精度较高。还有利用 Wifi 在小范围内定位的方式。
Using the GPS positioning module on the mobile phone to send its position signal to the positioning background to realize the mobile phone positioning. The positioning accuracy is high. There is also a way to use WiFi to locate in a small area.
基于移动运营网的基站的定位
Location of base station based on mobile operation network
基站定位则是利用基站对手机的距离的测算距离来确定手机位置的。不需要手机具有 GPS 定位能力，需要依赖于基站的分布及覆盖范围的大小，有时误差会超过一公里。
Base station positioning is to determine the location of mobile phone by measuring the distance between base station and mobile phone. There is no need for mobile phones to have GPS positioning capability, which depends on the distribution and coverage of base stations. Sometimes, the error will exceed one kilometer.
技术优势
Technical advantages
（1）独有的基站定位技术（基站定位技术，运营商独有，对终端要求低）
(1) Unique base station positioning technology (base station positioning technology, unique to operators, low terminal requirements)
（2）全新翔实的电子地图（大比例电子地图）
(2) New detailed electronic map (large scale electronic map)
（3）丰富的交流途径（短信、可关联呼叫中心服务）
(3) Rich communication channels (SMS, linkable call center service)
（4）完善的安全体制（硬件托管、网络保障、软件保密与认证）
(4) Perfect security system (hardware hosting, network security, software confidentiality and certification)
（5）安全可靠的通信方式（接通率高、无杂音、防窃听、绿色）
(5) Safe and reliable communication mode (high connection rate, no noise, anti eavesdropping, green)
（6）隐私保护（一般需被定位人授权）
(6) Privacy protection (generally authorized by locators)
发展状况
Development status
中国移动和中国联通早在几年前，都相继开通位置服务，但在商业模式和推广上都并未投入太多，也并未有太多的 SP 参与提供服务，因此定位服务的市场并未启动。2005 年国内移动定位市场规模仅 2.21 亿元，主要得益于中国移动亲子通业务和中国联通手机导航业务的推广。但在 2006～2008 年，移动定位市场将保持 150%以上的增长率。如今，无论是运营商还是 SP 都希望利用 3G/4G 的机会，推进手机定位服务行业的成熟和发展。
As early as a few years ago, both China Mobile and China Unicom opened location-based services one after another, but they did not invest too much in business model and promotion, nor did they have too many SPS participating in providing services, so the market for location-based services did not start. In 2005, the size of domestic mobile positioning market was only 221 million yuan, mainly due to the promotion of China Mobile parent-child communication business and China Unicom mobile navigation business. However, from 2006 to 2008, the mobile positioning market will maintain a growth rate of more than 150%. Nowadays, both operators and SP want to take advantage of 3G / 4G to promote the maturity and development of mobile location service industry.
相比其他手机增值服务来讲，手机定位的产业链条非常庞杂，包括移动运营商、GPS 定位技术、GIS 电子地图提供商、POI(Position of Interest)信息采集和服务提供商、终端厂商、中间件提供商等，涉及到移动通信、卫星导航、互联网、地理信息系统、综合信息服务等多个领域。总体上，产业链在移动运营商的主导下，开放平台合作。产业链上的各个环节都处于刚刚起步阶段，提供的定位服务也大多在免费试用阶段，尚未形成成熟的商业模式。相对而言，不少提供电子地图的公司开始浮出水面，并得到风险投资的追捧。
Compared with other mobile phone value-added services, the industrial chain of mobile phone positioning is very complex, including mobile operators, GPS positioning technology, GIS electronic map providers, poi (position of Interest) information collection and service providers, terminal manufacturers, middleware providers, etc., involving mobile communications, satellite navigation, the Internet, geographic information systems, integrated information services and other fields. In general, the industry chain is open platform cooperation under the guidance of mobile operators. All links of the industrial chain are in the initial stage, and most of the positioning services provided are also in the free trial stage, which has not yet formed a mature business model. Relatively speaking, many companies that provide electronic maps are beginning to emerge and are being sought after by venture capital.
严格上讲，手机定位并非 3G 时代的增值应用，但之所以两大运营商都暗自较劲，业内也将手机定位作为 3G 时代的杀手级应用，关键在于，手机定位的价值在于可以将定位信息运用到许多应用中，从而创造比定位本身更大的价值。
Strictly speaking, mobile positioning is not a value-added application in the 3G era, but the reason why the two major operators are secretly competing, and the industry also regards mobile positioning as a killer application in the 3G era, the key is that the value of mobile positioning lies in that positioning information can be used in many applications, so as to create greater value than positioning itself.
除了可以利用手机地图进行导航之外，比如定位游戏就将影响到手机游戏产业的格局。另外，通过小区广播的形式，对用户进行精准的无线广告的营销也是手机定位的应用之一。当然，对于定位广告运营商还在思考其营运模式。从行业应用来讲，手机定位则主要应用在车辆调度、物流、监控等领域。尽管手机定位可以和不同的行业应用相结合，但获取衣食住行方面的实用信息、以及基于娱乐的位置游戏等需求仍是个人消费市场的主要应用热点。
In addition to using mobile maps for navigation, for example, location-based games will affect the pattern of mobile game industry. In addition, through the form of community radio, accurate wireless advertising marketing for users is also one of the applications of mobile phone positioning. Of course, the positioning of advertising operators are still thinking about their business model. In terms of industry applications, mobile positioning is mainly used in vehicle scheduling, logistics, monitoring and other fields. Although mobile phone positioning can be combined with different industry applications, the demand for practical information on clothing, food, housing and transportation, and location games based on entertainment are still the main application hot spots in the personal consumption market.
3G 的到来，会极大地增强用户对手机定位服务的体验，成为定位服务应用起飞的一个契机。伴随网络条件的改善，移动定位技术和多媒体技术相结合将成为趋势。运营商高速的数据传输能力、成熟的语音业务应用和丰富的数据业务实践使实时画面监控、语音导航与定位技术的结合成为可能。
The arrival of 3G will greatly enhance the user’s experience of mobile location-based services, and become an opportunity for location-based services applications to take off. With the improvement of network conditions, the combination of mobile location technology and multimedia technology will become a trend. High speed data transmission ability, mature voice service application and rich data service practice of operators make it possible to combine real-time picture monitoring, voice navigation and positioning technology.
来看，手机定位除了受到网络带宽限制之外，还受到诸多因素的阻碍。其中最重要的一点是，我国地理信息系统的建设和 POI 数据的采集、加工、整理、更新，是个相当困难而艰巨的任务。这一点也是和欧美和日韩定位服务不同的地方。无论是地理信息还是周边的餐馆、银行等综合服务信息，都处于高度变化状态，使得做 GIS 和 POI 的公司难度加大，也无形中提高了 SP 进入该领域的门槛。
In addition to the limitation of network bandwidth, mobile location is hindered by many factors. The most important point is that the construction of China’s geographic information system and the collection, processing, sorting and updating of POI data are quite difficult and arduous tasks. This is also different from the positioning services in Europe, America, Japan and South Korea. Both geographic information and comprehensive service information of surrounding restaurants and banks are in a highly changing state, which makes it more difficult for GIS and poi companies, and also increases the threshold for SP to enter the field.
定位技术的精准性不够。尤其是中国移动采用的 CELL-ID 的技术，根据移动台所处的蜂窝小区 ID 号来确定用户的位置，因此它的定位精度取决于蜂窝小区的半径。对于精度较高的紧急定位服务时，CELL-ID 就无法满足要求。用户熟悉的应用多为“模糊定位”服务，真正的位置服务用户较少。
The accuracy of positioning technology is not enough. In particular, Cell-ID technology adopted by China Mobile determines the location of users according to the cell ID number of the mobile station, so its positioning accuracy depends on the radius of the cell. For high precision emergency location service, Cell-ID can not meet the requirements. Users are familiar with the application of “fuzzy location” service, the real location service users less.
用户隐私也是定位服务最容易引发争议的问题，也是阻碍用户消费的重要因素。针对定位服务的敏感性，运营商需要在信用管理、信息安全、个人隐私保护等方面制定完善的流程体系、管理体系、认证体系和管理规范。
User privacy is not only the most controversial issue of location-based services, but also an important factor hindering user consumption. In view of the sensitivity of location-based services, operators need to develop perfect process system, management system, authentication system and management specifications in credit management, information security, personal privacy protection, etc.
手机终端依然成为制约产业发展的最后一个环节。利用 GPS 技术的位置服务需要终端的大力支持，否则业务拓展也只是空话。比如中国联通推出的“定位之星”、“星图服务”和“关爱之星”，都要采用高通 GPSone 定位技术的手机支持。能够支持 GPSone 技术的终端在国内还比较少。中国联通推出的语音导航业务，也只有三星、LG 等少数终端手机提供支持。而且居高不下的终端价格，也阻碍了定位业务的普及和推广。
Mobile terminal is still the last link that restricts the development of the industry. The location service using GPS technology needs the strong support of the terminal, otherwise the business development is just empty talk. For example, the “positioning star”, “star map service” and “love Star” launched by China Unicom need the mobile phone support of Qualcomm gpsOne positioning technology. There are few terminals that can support gpsOne technology in China. The voice navigation service launched by China Unicom is only supported by a few terminal mobile phones such as Samsung and LG. And the high terminal price also hinders the popularization and promotion of positioning services.
手机卫星定位与 GPS 定位系统的区别
Difference between mobile satellite positioning and GPS positioning system
手机定位系统的作用主要用在寻人找人的技术上，GPS 定位系统可以在找人找车中起到一定的辅助作用，最早发明 GPS 定位系统的是美国，在民间调查行业使用的是在 2005 年上半年。
The function of mobile phone positioning system is mainly used in the technology of looking for people. GPS positioning system can play a certain auxiliary role in looking for people and cars. The first invention of GPS positioning system was in the United States, and it was used in the civil investigation industry in the first half of 2005.
GPS 全球卫星定位系统是由美国政府所发展。使用者接收机：追踪所有的 GPS 卫星，并实时地计算出接收机所在位置的坐标、移动速度及时间，即属于此部份。一般民间所能拥有及应用的，就是第三部份。计算原理为每个太空卫星在运行时，任一时刻都有一个坐标值来代表其位置所在，接收机所在的位置坐标为未知值，而太空卫星的讯息在传送过程中，所需耗费的时间，可经由比对卫星时钟与接收机内的时钟计算之，将此时间差值乘以电波传送速度，就可计算出太空卫星与使用者接收机间的距离，如此就可依三角向量关系来列出一个相关的方程式。
GPS global positioning system is developed by the US government. User receiver: track all GPS satellites, and calculate the coordinates, moving speed and time of the receiver’s location in real time, which belongs to this part. The third part is what ordinary people can possess and apply. The calculation principle is that each space satellite has a coordinate value to represent its position at any time when it is running, and the position coordinate of the receiver is unknown. In the process of transmitting the information of the space satellite, the time required can be calculated by comparing the satellite clock with the clock in the receiver. Multiplying the time difference by the transmission speed of the radio wave can calculate too much The distance between the space satellite and the user’s receiver, so a related equation can be listed according to the triangular vector relationship.
一般使用的接收机就是依上述原理来计算出所在位置的坐标数据，每接收到一颗卫星就可列出一个相关的方程式，因此在至少收到三卫星后，即可计算出平面坐标值，收到四颗则加上高程值，五颗以上更可提高准确度，这就是 GPS 的基本定位原理。
Generally, the receiver is used to calculate the coordinate data of the location according to the above principle. Each satellite received can list a related equation. Therefore, after receiving at least three satellites, the plane coordinate value can be calculated. When receiving four satellites, the elevation value can be added. More than five satellites can improve the accuracy, which is the basic positioning principle of GPS.
定位系统
positioning system
手机定位系统，它是指通过特定的定位技术来获取移动手机或终端用户的位置信息(经纬度坐标)，在电子地图上标出被定位对象的位置的技术或服务。
Mobile positioning system, which refers to the technology or service that obtains the location information (longitude and latitude coordinates) of mobile phones or end users through specific positioning technology, and marks the location of the targeted object on the electronic map.
手机定位技术有两种，一种是基于 GPS 的定位，一种是基于移动运营网的基站的定位。基于 GPS 的定位方式是利用手机上的 GPS 定位模块将自己的位置信号发送到定位后台来实现手机定位的。基站定位则是利用基站对手机的距离的测算距离来确定手机位置的。后者不需要手机具有 GPS 定位能力，但是精度很大程度依赖于基站的分布及覆盖范围的大小，有时误差会超过一公里。前者定位精度较高。此外还有利用 Wifi 在小范围内定位的方式。
There are two kinds of mobile location technology, one is based on GPS, the other is based on the base station of mobile operation network. The positioning method based on GPS is to use the GPS positioning module on the mobile phone to send its position signal to the positioning background to realize the positioning of the mobile phone. Base station positioning is to determine the location of mobile phone by measuring the distance between base station and mobile phone. The latter does not need GPS positioning capability of mobile phone, but the accuracy depends on the distribution and coverage of base station to a great extent, sometimes the error will exceed one kilometer. The former has high positioning accuracy. There is also a way to use WiFi to locate in a small area.
手机定位分类
Mobile location classification
手机定位系统按照提供服务的方式可以分为两种：自有手机定位系统与公用定位系统。根据手机的不同的功能可以有可以分为两种定位，短信版手机定位和 WAP 版手机定位。合理的使用这些定位系统，可以给生活或者工作提供很多便利。
Mobile location system can be divided into two types according to the way of providing services: self owned mobile location system and public location system. According to the different functions of the mobile phone, it can be divided into two types: SMS mobile location and WAP mobile location. Reasonable use of these positioning systems can provide a lot of convenience for life or work.
通过分析了手机 GPS 以及手机定位系统，可以看出二者的区别和联系，尽管手机集成 GPS 已经被使用，但还不普及，随着 GPS 技术的发展以及手机的性能的改善，手机 GPS 以及手机定位系统应该都会成为手机的基本的功能之一。
Through the analysis of mobile GPS and mobile positioning system, we can see the difference and connection between them. Although mobile integrated GPS has been used, it is not popular. With the development of GPS technology and the improvement of mobile phone performance, mobile GPS and mobile positioning system should become one of the basic functions of mobile phone.
